Open Studio : lighting class presentation

 lighting class presentation 

Footbridge Redesign 

Situation Awareness

Situation Awareness 

330 Aviation Aircraft

        This week , a pilot come and introduce the knowledge about the flight , I think it`s a nice explanation for our question .

        Face so much meter and button , I think the flight is so difficult , so I go to read operation manual to supplement what I have learnt on class .

        On the panel , there are many functional areas , Primary flight display / Navigation display / Automatic flight / Engine indication and crew alerting system (EICAS) display / Electrical system / Hydraulics system

Engines / Fuel system / Pneumatics / Other MFD pages / Flight management computer / Ground proximity warning system ( GPWS ) / Radio panel / Autobrakes / Passenger signs / Clock and so on .

 I give 3 questions :
        In the winter , when I go abroad , just take off for a while , we meet the turbulent zone , in 20 minutes the flight rise to 9000 meters height , and with hovering flight , most of passengers don`t fell good , is there have any other good idea to choose , the pilot explained how to form the turbulent zone , and said this is the best choice .

         The second one is when we landing , from the window , I saw the black smoke outside , but everything is normal , the plane was not shake , the landing speed feels comfortable , at last ,we have a safety landing . the answer is some mechanical failure .

         The third question is which kind of flight you drive more comfortable , the pilot said Boeing , after the class , I searched on the internet , it said especially Boeing 777 is famous for the advanced technology and safety .

Then I will give a simple introduction how to flight ( come from operator handbook ) :

        The first step : (checking : flaps / automatic brakes / light) we should put the ILS frequency input to NAV1 , set up the automatic drive panel ( CRS / speed / course / height ), open FD , lighting course hold , lay down flaps to 5 degree , put the automatic brakes to RTO , then open different kind of light .

        The second step : push the throttle maximum , rolling off , when the speed up to 160 , push the head of plane to 5-8 degree , leave the land and have a stable rising rate , retract the landing gear and all of flaps . then lighting CMD and speed hold , open A/T .

        The last step : ( landing ) adjust speed , landing gear , make spoiler pre-bit and automatic brakes to 2 stalls , put down the flaps with the stare of guiding light , make the head of flight to level or slightly down 5 degree , then checking everything is ready , open landing light , disconnect CMD and accelerator , when up to the entrance of track , full resumption of oil , pull the trolley , make the head of flight up to 3 degree to connect the ground . 

        Everyone face the environment have his feeling  , and they have their way to response outside ( time / space )

        Here are 4 different awareness  : monitoring / cue detection / awareness of multiple / situational elements

        Before something happened , there are some related data and cues occur to relevant goals , what you decide will affect the states in the future .

        When you face the situation to do decision , you should awareness which part make you to do decision ( time pressure , anxiety , uncertainty , noise , physical fatigue , personal factors , alarms or alerts ) , so you should make a decision before the information gathering too much to put stress on working memory .

Situation awareness have four steps before the human error  :

1. Complexity creep  : the more features ,the less able a person is to comprehend and form an internal representation of how the system works to make predictions of its behavior
2. Out-of-loop syndrome : people become less involved and less alert but human are still decision maker and problem solver when things go wrong
3. Errant mental model  : use of incorrect or incomplete mental models making poor comprehension and projection
4. Misplaced salience  / Salience catch attention : Good - draw attention to critical information ; Bad -overuse or misuse , distractive 

        In all , I wish the operate is more automatic and more interactive , as flow :

        

Open Studio : Lighting Design

Open Studio : Lighting Design

        This week we start a new module " lighting design " , one part is " light and lighting " , the other part is " value - based architectural thinking " .

        Light and lighting teach me how to communicating with " light and shadow ". 

        Contemporary roles of lighting : functioning with lighting / relative profession / visual perception / brightness perception / depth of field / form and texture / colour appearance of white light and colour of object . For example : warm light and mist ( beautify and atmosphere ) / water and reflections ( the bara by vision lighting ) .

        Why lighting design ? 

1. visual information needs 
2. change of lifestyles 
3. heath and well-being 
4. more complex buildings
5. rapid urbanization 
6. energy and environment 

        Architectural integration need the modeling effects and visual hierarchy .

        Illumination consideration : 

• horizontal and vertical illumination 
• relative height of light 
• relative height and brightness 

design consideration / illumination consideration / physical consideration / thermal consideration / light and safety  and so on .

        Also there are some knowledge relative to dramatic effects / emphasis of overfelt / induction light / communicating concepts / communicating scenes / lighting scenes .

        The second part is " value-based architectural thinking " . 

Tries to incorporate the best aspects and avoid the worst problems of all of the thinking approach :

1. systematic information gathering procedures 
2. obtaining agreement with stake holders including users and community in open work session environments 
3. most important design issues are addressed 

Enduring values of architecture :

• firmitas + utilitas + venustas 
• firmness + commodity + delight
• surviral + good life + art
• to protect + to nurture + to transform 

        At the end of class the class , we divided two groups to design the footbridge corridor with the lighting and technology skills , then we go with professor to see the site in the BTS station .

Bangkok Metro Public Company Limited -- MRT

Bangkok Metro Public Company Limited -- MRT

       This week we went to Bangkok metro public company limited take part in the field trip . the first part is : introduction by PPT ( history , department system and so on ) , the second part is inspect the central control room ( CCR ) , the third part is put questions .

Introduction :

      MRT-mass rapid transit take the heavy transportation task in Bangkok with BTS , the MRT chaloem ratchamongkhon line ( the MRT system ) has become the first metro in Thailand because its initial system section of hua lamphong to bang sue is the first railway system in Thailand that kept on underground level .

        For the safety , the staff ( operator , engineer , learder ) cooperate with each other by communication , each step interlocking with other with SCADA system ; The staffing including : line controller ( LCO ) / depot controller ( DCO ) / engineering controller ( ECO ) / communication & security controller ( CSO ) / chief controller ( CCO ) ; Emergency training :  CCR training / derailment exercise / Eire exercise / bomb & hostage / scenario exercise & external exercise .

        Mental workload : the total of all assessable influences impinging upon a human being from external sources and affecting it mentally .

I raised 3 questions :

1. Bangkok have a lot of groundwater , how to do water proof measures , is there have any difficulty in the construction and normal operation period ?  ( answer : they have strong monitor system and pumps working without stop ) 
2. how do you arrange the time and adjust for per person in a day ? ( answer : they have 3 groups to shift in each 5 positions , every group work 8 hours without rest , I think why not have 4 group in one day or 4 group 3 operate each day ) 
3. Because in the 8 hours without rest , how to adjust the mental workload on the working time ? ( answer : occasionally , somebody need only work 4 hours , and the operators can walk around in the control room and talk with each other )

I noted some information from < ISSA > in mental workload ：

        The mental workload comes from : noise / hazards arising from machinery , equipment and materials / chemical hazards / hazards arising from electricity / hazards arising from fire and explosions / hazards arising from whole-body or hand-arm vibrations / falls / physical strain or stress 

        Basic human needs : for self-determination / to develop competence / for a sense of belonging and gain recognition .

        Work must not cause illness - this is vital ; a large share of the prevention efforts in the enterprise focuses on this maxim .

        Workload and requirements can no longer be coped with include :

• complaints of employees about mental workload and physical problems at the workplace 
• reduce motivation , poor company climate , mobbing , addictive behaviour  
• infighting for competences , insufficient coordination , duplication of work 
• lack of flexibility and commitment on the part of employees 
• downtimes due to absenteeism , sickness leaves , fluctuation 
• rejects , need for reworking ,complaints 
• failure to comply with deadlines , both internally and vis-a-vis customers or business partners
• excessive overtime work , additional requirements in terms of time and material 
• excessive throughput times , inventories and overhead costs 

       Occupational overload or underload may have short-term consequences ( stress , monotony , mental satiation and mental fatigue ) , which may tend to become long-term consequences such as psychosomatic or mental diseases whenever the employee has to cope with unfavourable working requirements over a prolonged period of time .

        I choose some information form the checklist and evaluation lists related to the control room for us to analysis .

 Stress :

1. the responsibility is too high 
2. instructions leave little room for the execution of work 
3. the future of department or enterprise is uncertain 

• i very often overlook or disregard information 
• i am restless and nervous 

 Mental fatigue :

1. the freedom of body movements is restricted 
2. breaks are hardly possible 
3. impaired visibility 
4. poorly designed tools 
5. annoying working environment 

• i feel exhausted and tired 
• my concentration decreases 
• i have to overcome fatigue
• i feel strong need for a rest

 Monotony :

1. the tasks are predominantly operational 
2. the tasks are boring
3. the tasks are monotonous and repetitive 
4. permanent attention is required , without something to do
5. the workroom is too dark 

• i feel i`am not challenged enough 
• i do other things or my thoughts wander although permanent attention would be required 
• i feel bored 
• i dozed off or daydream

Mental satiation :

1. there is no chance of avoiding or postponing the task 
2. poor working conditions 

• i work to rule 
• i have little chance to make use of my qualifications
• i am marking time and not getting anywhere
• i am dissatisfied